who discovered america before columbus
The discovery of America is a historical event that has been widely debated and discussed for centuries. Most people believe that Christopher Columbus was the first European to set foot on the shores of the New World in 1492. However, recent evidence and research have shown that there were actually several other explorers who discovered America before Columbus. In this article, we will take a closer look at these explorers and their journeys, and how they contributed to the discovery of America.
1. The Norse Explorers
The Norse explorers, also known as the Vikings, were the first Europeans to reach the shores of North America. Led by Leif Erikson, a Norse explorer, they landed in Newfoundland, Canada around the year 1000. This discovery was made almost 500 years before Columbus’ voyage, making them the first Europeans to discover America.
The Norse explorers had a strong seafaring tradition and had already established settlements in Greenland. According to the Icelandic Sagas, Leif Erikson sailed west from Greenland in search of new lands. He first landed in a place he called “Helluland”, believed to be modern-day Baffin Island. From there, he continued his journey and reached “Markland”, believed to be Labrador. Finally, he arrived at a place he called “Vinland”, believed to be Newfoundland.
2. The Chinese Explorers
While the Norse explorers were the first Europeans to discover America, they were not the first people to do so. It is believed that the Chinese may have reached the New World even before the Norse. In the 15th century, Chinese Admiral Zheng He led several expeditions to the Indian Ocean, Southeast Asia, and even East Africa. It is believed that on one of these voyages, they may have reached the coast of America.
The evidence for this theory comes from a map called the “Map of the Admiral’s Secret Voyage”. This map was created in the 18th century and showed the coastline of North America in great detail, including the Great Lakes and the Mississippi River. The map also had annotations in Chinese, suggesting that the Chinese may have had knowledge of these areas before Columbus’ voyage.
3. The Polynesian Explorers
Another group of people who may have reached America before Columbus were the Polynesians. The Polynesians were skilled navigators and had the technology to undertake long voyages across the Pacific Ocean. It is believed that they may have reached South America around 1200 AD.
The evidence for this theory comes from the sweet potato. The sweet potato, which is native to South America, was found in Polynesia around 1000 AD. This suggests that the Polynesians may have reached South America before Columbus’ voyage and brought back this crop to their homeland.
4. The Irish Explorers
There is also a theory that the Irish may have reached America before Columbus. In 1976, a Scottish historian named Robert L. D. Cooper published a book called “The Voyage of St. Brendan”. This book tells the story of an Irish monk named St. Brendan who allegedly undertook a voyage to the New World in the 6th century.
According to the legend, St. Brendan and his companions sailed across the Atlantic Ocean on a leather boat and reached a land they called “The Promised Land”. The details of their journey align with the geography and climate of North America, leading some to believe that they may have actually reached America. However, this theory is still highly debated and lacks concrete evidence.
5. The African Explorers
The last group of explorers who may have discovered America before Columbus were the Africans. In the 14th century, the Mali Empire, led by Mansa Musa, was one of the most powerful and wealthy empires in the world. Mansa Musa was a devout Muslim and embarked on a pilgrimage to Mecca, which required crossing the Atlantic Ocean.
According to the Arab historian Al-Umari, Mansa Musa’s fleet of 200 ships reached a land across the Atlantic. This land was described as having vast forests, huge rivers, and abundant resources. While the exact location of this land is still unknown, some historians believe it may have been South America. However, this theory also lacks concrete evidence.
6. Conclusion
In conclusion, while Christopher Columbus is widely credited with the discovery of America, there were actually several other explorers who may have reached the New World before him. The Norse, Chinese, Polynesians, Irish, and Africans all have theories and evidence to support their claims. These discoveries not only challenge the traditional narrative of Columbus’ voyage, but also shed light on the interconnectedness of different cultures and civilizations throughout history. It is important to acknowledge and recognize the contributions of these explorers in the discovery of America.
jobs kids can do
As children grow up, it is important for them to learn the value of work and responsibility. This not only helps them develop important life skills, but also prepares them for the future. There are a variety of jobs that kids can do, depending on their age and abilities. From simple household chores to part-time jobs, there are plenty of opportunities for kids to learn and earn.
In this article, we will discuss more than 10 jobs that kids can do, ranging from tasks around the house to paid jobs in their community. These jobs not only provide kids with a sense of accomplishment and independence, but also teach them important skills such as time management, communication, and financial responsibility.
1. Household Chores
The first and most common type of job that kids can do is household chores. These are tasks that are necessary to keep the household running smoothly, such as doing the dishes, folding laundry, or vacuuming. Assigning age-appropriate chores to children not only lightens the load for parents, but also teaches kids the value of teamwork and contributing to the household.
2. Pet Sitting
Many families have pets, and often times, parents may need someone to look after them when they are away. This is where kids can step in and offer their services as pet sitters. This job involves feeding, walking, and playing with the pets, and can be a great way for kids to earn some extra money while also learning responsibility and empathy.
3. Yard Work
Depending on the age and physical abilities of the child, yard work can be a great job for kids. This can include tasks such as mowing the lawn, pulling weeds, and raking leaves. Not only does this job provide kids with physical activity, but it also teaches them the importance of taking care of their environment.
4. Babysitting
Babysitting is a popular job for teenagers, but even younger kids can start with simple tasks such as playing with the children or helping with basic chores around the house. As they get older and gain more experience, they can take on more responsibilities such as preparing meals, helping with homework, and putting the kids to bed. Babysitting not only provides kids with a source of income, but also teaches them important skills such as patience, communication, and problem-solving.
5. Tutoring
For older kids who excel in certain subjects, tutoring can be a great way to earn money while also helping their peers. This job requires strong knowledge in a particular subject and the ability to effectively teach and explain concepts to others. Tutoring not only helps kids develop their own skills, but also teaches them how to be patient and understanding.
6. Lemonade Stand
A classic job for kids, setting up a lemonade stand in the summer can be a fun and profitable venture. This job teaches kids about entrepreneurship, as they learn how to create a product, set prices, and interact with customers. It also helps them develop important math skills as they handle money and make change.
7. Photography
With the prevalence of smartphones and social media, taking and editing photos has become a popular hobby among kids. This hobby can also be turned into a job, as kids can offer their services as photographers for events such as birthday parties or family gatherings. This job not only allows kids to earn money, but also helps them develop their artistic and technical skills.
8. Social Media Management
As kids get older, they often become more tech-savvy and spend a lot of time on social media. This can be turned into a job as they offer their services to manage social media accounts for small businesses or individuals who may not have the time or expertise to do it themselves. This job not only allows kids to earn money, but also teaches them about marketing, branding, and communication.
9. Car Wash
During the summer months, many people are looking to get their cars washed. Kids can offer their services by setting up a car wash in their neighborhood. This job teaches kids about customer service, as they interact with clients and strive to provide a quality service. It also allows them to earn money for their hard work.
10. Newspaper Delivery
While the newspaper industry may not be as popular as it once was, there are still many people who subscribe to newspapers and need them delivered to their homes. This job is great for early risers, as it often requires delivery in the early morning hours. It also teaches kids about responsibility and time management, as they have to ensure that the newspapers are delivered on time.
11. Lawn Mowing
Similar to yard work, lawn mowing is a great job for kids who are physically able and enjoy being outdoors. This job not only provides kids with exercise, but also teaches them about the value of hard work and earning money. They can offer their services to neighbors or family friends, and may even be able to turn it into a regular gig.
12. Restaurant Work
For older kids, working in a restaurant can be a great way to earn money and gain valuable experience. This job may include tasks such as bussing tables, taking orders, or helping in the kitchen. Working in a restaurant teaches kids about multitasking, teamwork, and customer service, as well as providing them with some financial independence.
In conclusion, there are a variety of jobs that kids can do, depending on their age, abilities, and interests. These jobs not only provide kids with a source of income, but also teach them important life skills such as responsibility, time management, and communication. It is important for parents to encourage their children to take on these jobs, as it not only helps them develop as individuals, but also prepares them for the future. So, next time your child asks for some pocket money, consider giving them a job to do instead.
gifts for first year teachers
As the school year begins, many first year teachers are excited and nervous about their new role in the classroom. While they have spent years preparing for this moment, they may feel overwhelmed with the tasks and responsibilities that lie ahead. As experienced teachers know, the first year can be challenging, but also incredibly rewarding. As a way to show support and appreciation for these new educators, it’s important to give them gifts that will help them navigate through their first year with ease. In this article, we will explore some thoughtful and practical gift ideas for first year teachers.
1. A personalized teacher planner
One of the key tasks for any teacher is to keep track of lesson plans, meetings, and important dates. A personalized teacher planner can be a useful tool for first year teachers to stay organized and on top of their schedule. It can also serve as a thoughtful and personal gift, as you can customize it with the teacher’s name or a motivational quote.
2. Classroom supplies
Classroom supplies are always in demand for teachers, especially those who are just starting out. Consider putting together a supply basket with items such as pencils, markers, glue sticks, and paper. You can also include some classroom decorations like posters, bulletin board borders, and stickers to help make their classroom feel more inviting.
3. A gift card for a classroom resource website
Websites like Teachers Pay Teachers offer a plethora of resources for teachers to use in their classroom, from lesson plans to worksheets and activities. A gift card to one of these websites can be a great gift for first year teachers as it will provide them with access to a wide range of materials to help them plan and teach their lessons.
4. A classroom library starter kit
Many first year teachers may not have a large selection of books for their classroom library. You can help them build their collection by gifting them a starter kit of popular and age-appropriate books. This will not only benefit the teacher, but also their students who will have access to a variety of books to read throughout the year.
5. A teacher tote bag
Teachers often have to carry a lot of materials and supplies to and from school. A sturdy and practical tote bag can be a lifesaver for a first year teacher. Look for one with multiple compartments and pockets to help them keep their belongings organized. You can also personalize the bag with their name or a fun teacher-themed design.
6. A teacher subscription box
Subscription boxes have become increasingly popular, and there are now options specifically designed for teachers. These boxes can contain a variety of items such as classroom decorations, teaching resources, and self-care products. A subscription box can be a fun and unique gift that will continue to surprise and delight the first year teacher throughout the school year.
7. A personalized mug or tumbler
Teachers often rely on coffee or tea to get them through the day, so a personalized mug or tumbler can be a practical and thoughtful gift. You can customize it with the teacher’s name or a motivational quote to make it more personal. This gift will not only be useful, but also serve as a reminder of the support and appreciation from their colleagues.
8. A teacher survival kit
The first year of teaching can be overwhelming, so a survival kit can be a fun and useful gift. You can include items such as hand sanitizer, tissues, coffee or tea, snacks, and a stress ball. You can also add some handwritten notes with words of encouragement and support to help the teacher get through any tough days.
9. Professional development resources
First year teachers are constantly learning and looking for ways to improve their teaching skills. A gift certificate for a professional development workshop or online course can be a valuable gift to help them continue their growth as educators. You can also consider gifting them a book on teaching strategies or classroom management to help them navigate through their first year.
10. A gift card for a teacher supply store
Teacher supply stores offer a wide range of materials and resources for educators. A gift card to one of these stores can be a practical and appreciated gift for a first year teacher. They can use it to purchase classroom supplies, decorations, or even books for their personal library.
11. A personalized nameplate
A nameplate can be a simple yet meaningful gift for a first year teacher. It will not only help them to personalize their classroom space, but also give them a sense of ownership and pride in their new role. You can also add a fun quote or phrase to make it more unique and personal.
12. A teacher-themed gift basket
Put together a gift basket filled with items that every teacher needs and loves. You can include items such as hand lotion, a scented candle, a book on teaching, and some chocolates or other treats. You can also add a personalized note with words of encouragement and appreciation for the teacher.
13. A classroom technology upgrade
Technology is becoming increasingly important in the classroom, so gifting a first year teacher with a classroom technology upgrade can be a game changer. This can include a new laptop, tablet, or interactive whiteboard. You can also consider gifting them a subscription to a classroom management software or a language learning app to help them engage their students in new and exciting ways.
14. A mentorship or networking opportunity
Starting a new job can be daunting, and having a mentor or a network of experienced educators can be invaluable for first year teachers. Consider gifting them a membership to a teacher association or an opportunity to connect with other teachers in their subject area or grade level. This will not only provide them with support and guidance, but also help them build relationships with other educators.
15. A heartfelt note of appreciation
Sometimes the best gifts don’t cost a thing. As a fellow teacher or a parent of a student in the class, you can take the time to write a heartfelt note of appreciation for the first year teacher. Let them know how much you value their hard work and dedication to their students. This small gesture can make a big impact and serve as a reminder that their efforts are noticed and appreciated.
In conclusion, the first year of teaching can be a challenging but rewarding experience for educators. As they embark on this new journey, it’s important to show support and appreciation for their hard work and dedication. Whether it’s a practical gift to help them in their day-to-day tasks, or a thoughtful gesture to uplift their spirits, there are many ways to show first year teachers that they are valued and supported. Consider these gift ideas to help them start off their teaching career on the right foot.
